Tulips

Tulips
Primary Significance: If you're looking to leave butterflies in their tummies, choose tulips and watch them blush. Wildly popular throughout its history, tulips are a comfortable flower choice and one that expresses perfect love.
Meanings of Tulips

The is one of the world's most easily recognized and loved flowers. The meanings of tulips coupled with the immediately identifiable shape of their colorful blooms make them a comfortable flower choice. They are not too elegant, too romantic, too big, too small, or too bright; the tulip is always just right. They are like a favorite pair of jeans or your mom's fresh-baked cookies in that the meanings of tulips express genuine coziness and comfort in all of the right ways.
he tulip originated over ten decades ago in Persia and Turkey, where it played a significant role in the art and culture of the time. Most likely commenting on the Turkish tradition of wearing tulips in one’s turban, Europeans mistakenly gave tulips their name, which comes from the Persian word meaning turban. As Europeans began taking to tulips, the flower’s popularity spread quickly, particularly in the Netherlands where a phenomenon dubbed tulip mania set in at one point during the 17th century. Tulips became so highly-prized that prices were sent soaring and markets crashing. Tulips are now grown throughout the world, but people still identify cultivated varieties as "Dutch tulips."
The meaning of tulips is generally perfect love. Like many flowers, different colors of tulips also often carry their own significance. Red tulips are most strongly associated with true love, while purple symbolizes royalty. The meaning of yellow tulips has evolved somewhat, from once representing hopeless love to now being a common expression for cheerful thoughts and sunshine. White tulips are used to claim worthiness or to send a message of forgiveness. Variegated tulips, once among the most popular varieties due to their striking color patterns, represent beautiful eyes.
With all of the sentiments and meanings of tulips, it's not surprising that their popularity continues to endure. The wide range of colors and varieties available allows them to be used for many occasions. In addition to being a favorite for cut flower arrangements, tulips can also be given as a potted plant. The growing and caring for of tulip bulb gardens and plants is a rewarding pastime for many flower lovers. As one of the world’s most beloved flowers, a gift of tulips is a sure delight, enchanting in its beauty and simplicity.: ProFlowers/Florapedia

  

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Stargazer Lilies

Stargazer Lilies
Primary Significance: The floral celebrity, stargazer lilies are young, bold, beautiful, and dramatic. The meaning of these fragrant flowers can be one of wealth and prosperity, but their white variety can dress down to genuinely express purity and sympathy.

Meanings of Stargazer Lilies

One of the most stunning and perhaps most celebrated lily varieties is the stargazer lily. Known for its striking blooms and heavenly scent, the stargazer is a fantastic choice for a number of occasions. Delicate, bold, and fragrant all at once, stargazers can say Congratulations, I'm Sorry, and everything in between.
he stargazer has added a new layer to the already rich legacy of lilies, which have been a significant floral symbol for centuries. In ancient mythology and in folklore from around the world, the lily has appeared as a deeply spiritual and philosophical metaphor. Developed in the latter part of the 20th century, the stargazer lily is a recent addition to the lily family, but this unique and rather exotic hybrid has rapidly risen in popularity to become one of the most adored and sought-after of all lily varieties.
he lily family has traditionally represented innocence and purity. These motifs appeared as far back as ancient Greek and Roman civilizations and reappeared in biblical traditions. Stargazer lilies have come to be associated with these meanings, but they've taken on additional meanings as well. White stargazer lilies, in particular, have come to characterize a sense of purity and are often used as an expression of sympathy. The pink varieties are also considered symbolic of wealth and prosperity, as well being as a sign of aspiration.
Of the many different lilies that are available today, the stargazer lily is one of the true stand-outs. Its spectacular blooms, which can range in color from pure white to the more familiar shades of deep pink, can make a definite impression. Its dazzling appearance and seductive scent has resulted in a flower that can really make an entrance. Stargazers are floral celebrities – bold, beautiful and dramatic – and they're sure to make that statement for you, whatever the occasion may be.: Proflowers/Florapedia

   

  

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Peruvian Lilies

Peruvian Lilies
Primary Significance: The flirtatious blooms of Peruvian lilies dawn a variety of shades, making them a fun choice for many occasions. With the primary meanings of Peruvian lilies being friendship and devotion, these precious flowers are sure express your most playful sentiments.
Meanings of Peruvian Lilies

The vibrant and long-lasting Peruvian lily is native to South America, but its appeal has spread far beyond the land of its origin. Reminiscent of miniature lilies, Peruvian lilies can be found in a variety of colors, including brilliant shades of yellow, pink, orange, and white. With multiple blooms per stem, they can compose a magnificently full vase arrangement. Along with their meaning, this makes them a top choice for many flower-giving occasions.
Peruvian lilies are also called alstroemeria after the Swedish botanist credited with introducing them to Europe. In the late 18th century, Baron Von Alstroemer returned from a trip to South America with seeds from the Peruvian lily. Not long after this discovery, the flower found great popularity with flower-enthusiasts around the world.
Today, the meanings of Peruvian lilies are friendship and devotion. With so many gift-giving occasions that center on these themes, you may find Peruvian lilies to be a safe choice across the board. Whether you’re sending a bouquet just because, or for your friend's birthday or graduation, the meaning of Peruvian lilies expresses your love and support in so many ways. As a symbol of devotion, Peruvian lilies can say to a companion or loved one that you will always be there for them and that you trust in your lasting bond. The depth of meanings for Peruvian lilies is a compliment to their beauty, and the message that these flowers send is profound in its authentic simplicity.
The brilliantly colored blooms of Peruvian lilies can light up a room as well as the hearts of their recipients. Whether displayed on their own or used to accent a mixed flower arrangement, these dazzling flowers will always attract attention because of their unique appeal and the meaningful messages that they can carry. From their origins in the mountains of Peru, the Peruvian lilies have found a special place within the language of flowers.:Proflowers/Florapedia

   

  

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Orchids

Orchids
Primary Significance: With an astounding number of varieties, orchids are known for their delicate beauty and exotic character. Evolving through an intricate and interesting history, the meanings of orchids include love, beauty, luxury, and strength.
Meanings of Orchids

Orchids are a long-lasting and particularly elegant type of flower, making them the perfect gift for many occasions. Their graceful appearance draws immediate attention, and their reputation as an exotic and unusual flower evokes a sense of refinement and innocence. With many orchid varieties to choose from and the meanings of orchids being so special, you are sure to find one that can express the right message, whether it be Thank You, Happy Anniversary, Congrats on Your Promotion, or anything in between.
With an estimated 25,000 different types existing naturally and more being discovered each year, orchids are of the largest flowering plant families. Although they are commonly thought of as tropical flowers, orchids grow naturally in almost all climates. Despite their versatility, there is something distinctly exotic about orchids. They are intricately beautiful to the everyday flower lover and are considered to be some of the world’s most evolved flowers to flower specialists. Of the many orchid varieties, the Phalaenopsis (or Moth), Cymbidium, and Dendrobium orchids are the most popular types, and the Vanilla Orchid (and its vanilla bean) is the most highly produced variety.
 Orchids can impart a wide variety of messages, but historically the meanings of orchids have included wealth, love, and beauty. To the ancient Greeks, orchids suggested virility, and after the rise in popularity of orchid collections in Victorian England, the meaning of orchids moved towards being symbolic of luxury. Orchids have also been believed to carry various healing and protective properties, allowing them to ward off disease. The Aztecs were said to drink a mixture of the vanilla orchid and chocolate to give them power and strength, and the Chinese believe orchids can help cure lung illnesses and coughs.
Today, the meanings of orchids are generally regarded as a symbolic of rare and delicate beauty. Orchids are the most popular houseplant, a top honor they share with the peace lily. Their charm and mystique delight those who receive them, for few other flowers have the ability to impress their recipient in the same way that the orchid can. Among the many different types of flowers available, the orchid holds a special place as one of the most alluring and captivating, making them a special choice for the treasured people in your life.:Proflowers/Florapedia

   

  

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Gerbera Daisies

Gerbera Daisies
Primary Significance: The fifth most popular flower in the world, gerbera daisies can mean innocence, purity, and cheerfulness. These large daisy variations come in a number of vibrant colors, and sending them is the perfect way to brighten someone's day.
Meanings of Gerbera Daisies

When you want to send the gift of cheer, gerbera daisies are your sure choice. Distinguished by large flowering heads that closely resemble those of sunflowers, gerbera daisies come in a vibrant rainbow of colors. Bright pink, snow white, sunny yellow, and ruby red are just a few of the gorgeous colors that these happy flowers boast.
The gerbera daisy was discovered in 1884 near Barberton, South Africa, by Scotsman Robert Jameson. While the flower’s scientific name, Gerbera jamesonii, recollects the name of its founder, the meaning of its common name draws from German naturalist Traugott Gerber. Breeding programs that began in England in 1890 enhanced the flower’s quality and color variations. The gerbera daisy’s popularity soon traveled to growers in the Netherlands which, along with Columbia, is the primary distributor of the flower’s cut version today. The gerbera currently ranks as the fifth most popular flower in the world behind the rose, carnation, chrysanthemum, and tulip.
The meanings of gerbera daisies stem from those attributed to the general daisy family. These meanings include innocence and purity, and daisies are also a classic symbol of beauty. However, the gerbera variety holds an added meaning of cheerfulness, which stems from the assortment of colors available. An assorted bouquet of gerbera daisies can lift the spirit and sending one is an ideal way to brighten someone’s day. The sheer multitude of available varieties has helped the gerbera daisy become a favorite choice for many different occasions – birthdays, get well, congratulations, thank you, and more.
There are many types of flowers which can help to express our thoughts and feelings for our loved ones, but the gerbera daisy and its meaning stand out as one of the most distinctly bright and merry. With its bold and striking appearance, the gerbera daisy has become the most highly-prized daisy variety. When you send gerbera daisies, know that these fresh flowers convey a deeply meaningful message and make a lively lasting impression.:Proflowers/Florapedia

  

 

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Carnations

 Carnations
Primary Significance: With a history covering over 2,000 years, the carnation is not only one of the world's oldest flower varieties; it has throughout its rich history been one of the most popular as well. There are many meanings of carnations, but the most widely accepted are fascination, distinction, and love.
Meanings of Carnations

What is delicate, durable, and delightful all in one? The carnation, scientifically known as Dianthus caryophyllus, is a historically rich and meaningful flower choice. With its scientific name dianthus roughly translating to "flower of love" or "flower of the gods", depending on the source, this flower is one that has been revered for centuries. One of the world's oldest cultivated flowers, the carnation is appreciated for its ruffled appearance, clove-like scent, and extended blooming period.
The carnation's history dates back to ancient Greek and Roman times, when it was used in art and décor. Christians believe that the first carnation bloomed on earth when Mary wept for Jesus as he carried his cross. Carnations in these early times were predominantly found in shades of pale pink and peach, but over the years the palette of available colors has grown to include red, yellow, white, purple, and even green. Throughout so many centuries of change, the popularity of the carnation has remained undiminished. The fact that the carnation continues to endure is a testament to its vast appeal.
he meanings of carnations include fascination, distinction, and love. Like many other flowers, different messages can also be expressed with the flower’s different color varieties. Light red carnations, for example, are often used to convey admiration, whereas the dark red version expresses deeper sentiments of love and affection. White carnations are associated with purity and luck, and pink carnations are often given as a sign of gratitude. In the early part of the 20th century, carnations became the official flower of Mother's Day in addition finding particular significance in many other cultures worldwide.
To this day, carnations remain a favorite flower choice for many different occasions. They are immediately recognizable flowers, and they possess a charm and allure that continues to captivate people around the globe. In fact, in many parts of the world, the popularity of carnations surpasses that of any other flower including roses. The powerful sentiments these flowers can express are a perfect compliment to their classic beauty and long-lasting freshness. By retaining its status as a floral mainstay for such a long time, the carnation has proven itself to be a lasting flower in more ways than one.:ProFlowers/Florapedia

  

 

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Bunga

Pengertian Bunga  

Bunga (flower/bloom/blossom) adalah struktur reproduktif pada tumbuhan berbunga (tumbuhan divisi Magnoliophyta, juga disebut angiosperms). Fungsi biologis bunga adalah memediasi penyatuan sperma jantan dengan ovum betina untuk menghasilkan benih. Prosesnya dimulai dengan penyerbukan (polinasi), diikuti fertilisasi, lalu pembentukan dan penyebaran benih. Bagi tumbuhan lebih tinggi, benih adalah generasi mendatang, media bagi tersebarnya individu spesies. Bunga yang berkelompok pada suatu tumbuhan disebut inflorescence.
Selain menjadi organ reproduktif tumbuhan berbunga, bunga sudah sejak lama dikagumi dan digunakan manusia, terutama untuk memperindah lingkungannya juga sebagai sumber makanan.

Masing-masing bunga memiliki desain spesifik yang memungkinkan kondisi terbaik bagi transfer pollen (serbuk sari)nya. Bunga Cleistogamous menyerbuki sendiri (self pollinated), setelahnya, mereka boleh jadi atau tidak mengembang. Banyak spesies Viola atau beberapa spesies Salvia diketahui memiliki jenis bunga seperti ini.

Bunga Entomophilous menarik dan menggunakan serangga, kelelawar, burung atau binatang lain untuk memindahkan serbuk sari dari satu bunga ke bunga lainnya. Bunga umumnya memiliki kelenjar yang disebut nectar pada beragam bagiannya yang menarik binatang-binatang ini. Beberapa bunga memiliki patrun, disebut nectar guide, yang menuntun penyerbuk (pollinator) dimana mereka dapat menemukan nectar. Bunga juga menarik penyerbuk dengan bau dan warna. Bunga-bunga lain menggunakan rupaan (mimicry) untuk menarik penyerbuk. Beberapa spesies anggrek, misalnya, menghasilkan bunga menyerupai lebah betina; warna, bentuk dan baunya. Bunga juga khas dalam hal bentuk dan memiliki susunan stamen yang memastikan serbuk sari dapat berpindah ke tubuh penyerbuk ketika ia hinggap mencari sesuatu yang menarik perhatiannya (nectar, serbuk sari atau pasangannya). Dalam pencariannya dari banyak bunga yang masih satu species, penyerbuk memindahkan serbuk sari –dengan posisi tepat-- ke stigma semua bunga yang dihinggapinya.

Bunga Anemophilous menggunakan angin untuk memindahkan serbuk sari dari satu bunga ke bunga lainnya, contohnya termasuk rerumputan, pohon Birch, Ragweed dan Maples. Mereka tidak harus menarik perhatian penyerbuk dan oleh karenanya cenderung tidak menjadi bunga yang “terlihat”. Organ reproduktif jantan dan betina terdapat pada bunga yang terpisah. Bunga jantan memiliki sejumlah filamen yang berujung pada stamen yang menonjol. Bunga betina memiliki stigma panjang menyerupai bulu. Berbeda dengan serbuk sari bunga entomophilous yang cenderung berupa serbuk besar, lengket dan kaya protein (nilai tambah lain bagi penyerbuk), serbuk sari bunga anemophilous umumnya berupa serbuk halus, sangat ringan dan memiliki nilai nutrisi rendah bagi penyerbuk.
Tanaman berbunga itu heterosporangiate, menghasilkan dua jenis spora reproduktif. Serbuk sari (spora jantan) dan ovula (spora betina) dihasilkan dari organ berbeda, tetapi bunga pada umumnya bisporangiate strobilus, yakni memiliki kedua organ ini.

Bunga dianggap sebagai batang (stem) yang berubah dengan internode lebih pendek dan bearing, pada node-nya; struktur yang boleh jadi adalah daun yang berubah banyak. Pada dasarnya, struktur bunga terbentuk pada tunas yang berubah atau axis dengan meristem yang tidak tumbuh terus (tumbuh terbatas). Bunga melekat pada tanaman dengan beberapa cara. Jika bunga tidak memiliki batang tetapi terbentuk pada axil daun, bunga ini disebut sessile. Ketika satu bunga dihasilkan, stem yang menyangga bunga disebut peduncle. Jika peduncle berujung dengan sekelompok bunga, masing-masing stem yang menyangga bunga disebut pedicel. Stem yang berbunga membentuk ujung yang disebut torus atau receptacle. Bagian-bagian bunga tersusun dalam pusar (whorl) pada torus. Empat bagian utama pusar ini (mulai dari dasar bunga atau node terbawah ke atas) adalah sbb:
Calyx: pusar terluar sepal; umumnya hijau, tetapi pada beberapa species menyerupai petal.
Corolla: pusar petal, umumnya tipis, lembut dan berwarna untuk menarik serangga yang membantu proses penyerbukan.
Androecium: (dari bhs Yunani andros oikia: rumah lelaki): satu atau dua pusar stamen, masing-masingnya adalah filamen yang berujung anther tempat serbuk sari dihasilkan. Serbuk sari mengandung gamete jantan.
Gynoecium (dari bhs Yunani gynaikos oikia: rumah perempuan): satu atau lebih pistils. Organ reroduktif betina adalah carpel: mengandung ovary dengan ovula (yang mengandung gamet betina). Pistil dapat terdiri atas sejumlah carpel yang bergabung bersama, hanya ada satu pistil untuk masing-masing bunga, atau satu carpel (bunganya kemudian disebut apocarpous). Ujung lengket pistil, stigma, adalah receptor (penerima) serbuk sari.

Sumber dari Wikipedia,Terjemahan dari Djuyadi (www.bungaholland.com)

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